ورقة مفاهيم Chemistry للصف الثالث الثانوي 2026.. نزل الكراسة pdf الآن

تواصل ورقة مفاهيم Chemistry للصف الثالث الثانوي 2026 جذب اهتمام طلاب الثانوية العامة مع اقتراب الامتحانات النهائية إذ تتضمن ملخصا لأهم المفاهيم والتعريفات والمعلومات العلمية المقررة داخل المنهج وتساعد الطلاب على مراجعة العناصر الانتقالية واستخداماتها المختلفة بصورة منظمة داخل كتيب المفاهيم المعتمد من وزارة التربية والتعليم.

ورقة مفاهيم كيمياء لغات تالتة ثانوي 2026

وتضم ورقة المفاهيم الخاصة بمادة الكيمياء للصف الثالث الثانوي مجموعة من المعلومات المتعلقة بالأهمية الاقتصادية للعناصر الانتقالية واستخداماتها الصناعية والطبية والتكنولوجية المختلفة داخل المنهج الدراسي.

ثم جاء تفريغ المعلومات الواردة في الصفحات الخاصة بالأهمية الاقتصادية للعناصر الانتقالية على النحو التالي:

 

Economic importance:
- Scandium:
It is found in very small amount spread on a large area in the earth's crust. On adding a little amount of scandium to aluminum it gives light and very hard alloy used in manufacture of Mirage fighter also it added to Mercury vapour lamps to produce light with high quality looks like sun light , so it is used in TV Photography at night.

2- Titanium:
Strong element of rigidity as steel ,but it is less denser than steel, its alloys are used in the manufacture of aircraft and space shuttle because it maintains its durability at high temperatures while the hardness of aluminum decrease, it is used in the dental implants and Industrial joints because,the body does not eject it and does not cause any type of poisoning from the famous Titanium compound Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) that is used in Sun protection cosmetics, where minute nanoparticles prevent effect of the UV on the skin.
3- Vanadium:
when we add a small portion of it to the steel a high hardness alloy is formed and has great ability to resist corrosion so it is used in the manufacture of car springs. The important compounds of vanadium: Vanadium penta oxide is used in manufacture of dyes used in ceramics and glass industry; also it is used as a catalyst and manufacture of strong magnetic conductors.
4- Chromium:
It is chemically active metal but it resist the effect of the atmospheric air due to the formation of a metal oxide on its surface , in which the molecular volume of the produced oxide is larger than that of the metal which forms a nonporous layer of metal oxide that prevent the continued interaction with oxygen of air, Chromium is used in metal plating and leather tanning. The important compounds of chromium: Chromium III oxide Cr₂O₃ that used in manufacture of dyes and potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇) that used as oxidizing agent.
5- Manganese:
Manganese is not used as a pure metal because it is brittle metal so always used as alloys or compounds. Ferromanganese alloy is used in railway track, because it is harder than steel, aluminum and manganese alloys are used in manufacture of Soft drinks vessels (cans) because it resists corrosion. The important compounds of manganese: Manganese dioxide MnO₂ which acts as strong oxidizing agent used in dry cell, potassium permanganate KMnO₄ that used as antiseptic substance and manganese II sulphate K₂SO₄ that used as a fungicide.
6- Iron:
Used in manufacture of concrete, electricity pylons, knifes, gun and cannons pipes and surgical instruments. Also used as a catalyst in the manufacture of ammonia by Haber-Bosch method and the conversion of water gas (mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) to a fuel by Fischer-Tropsch method.
7- Cobalt:
It is similar to iron in which both of them can be magnetized so they are used in the manufacture of magnets. Cobalt is used in manufacture of modern dry batteries that used in cars. Cobalt has twelve radioactive isotopes, cobalt 60 is very important one because it produces gamma rays which have high penetrating power so it is used preserving food, in industry used for the detection about the quality of the industrial products, whereas it detects about welding cracks, links sites and in medicine used for detecting and treating tumors.
8- Nickel:
It is used in the manufacture of nickel – cadmium battery which can be recharged. It forms with steel alloys which are hard and resist rust and the effect of acids. Nickel chromium alloys are used in heaters and electric furnaces coils because they resist corrosion at high temperature, nickel is used for panting the other metals to protect them from oxidation and rust and give these metals beautiful appearance. Finally divided nickel is used as a catalyst like in hydrogenation processes of oil.
9- Copper:
Copper is the first discovered metal, copper tin alloys are known as bronze alloy. Copper is good conductor of electricity so it is used in electric cables and coins industry, copper II sulphate is used as pesticide and for the purification of water. Fehling solution (one of copper compounds) is used to detect glucose in which its blue colour changes to orange.
10- Zinc:
It is used in the galvanizing other metals to protect them from rusting. Zinc oxide ZnO is used in the manufacture of paints, rubber and cosmetic materials.